各地期中考试正在陆续进行中。吉米老师将之前外研版前六个单元的常考知识点总结在一起,方便大家归纳复习,预祝期中取得好成绩,加油!!!
Module1 Lost and found 知识点归纳
1
知识点一:重点短语
1. lost and found 失物招领
2. welcome back to school 欢迎回校
3. first of all 首先
4. a lot of=lots of 许多
5. look at 看
6. from now on 从现在开始
7. be careful with sth 小心对待某物
8. talk to sb 与某人交谈
9. look for 寻找
10. get on the bus 上公交车
11. in a hurry 匆忙地
12. hundreds of 成百的
13. leave sth + 地点 把某物留在某地
14. every day 每天
15. at the moment 在此刻
16. such as 例如
17. help sb. to do sth 帮助某人做某事
18. many other things 许多其他东西
2
知识点二:重点句型
1. Welcome back to school, everyone.欢迎大家回到学校。
2. Please be careful with your things from now on.从现在开始请仔细看管你的东西。
3.Whose gloves are they?它们是谁的手套?
4. People often lose things when they’re traveling or when they’re in a hurry. They leave things on planes, on trains, on buses and in taxis. 人们旅行或匆忙时经常丢东西。他们把东西落在飞机上、火车上、公交车上或出租车里。
5. That’s why there are lost and found office at airports and stations. 那就是为何在飞机场和车站设有失物招领处的原因。
3
知识点三:重点词语解释
1. Welcome back to school, everyone. 欢迎大家回到学校。
v. 欢迎
welcome to school 欢迎来到学校
welcome home 欢迎回家
Welcome back!欢迎回来
adj. 受欢迎的。
例如:He is a kind boy, so he is welcome.
他是个和蔼的男孩,所以他很受欢迎。
2. Please be careful with your things from now on. 从现在开始请仔细看管你的东西。
1)be careful with 小心对待
例如:Be careful with your baby when you are traveling. 当你旅行的时候,小心照顾好你的小孩。
2)from now on 从现在开始 作为时间状语,一般用在现在时和将来时态中。
例如:He will work hard from now on. 从现在开始,他将努力工作。
from then on 从那时开始 作为时间状语 一般用在过去时态中
例如:He lived alone from then on. 从那时起,他就独自居住。
3. People often lose things when they’re traveling or when they’re in a hurry. 当人们在旅行或是很匆忙的时候,他们经常会丢东西。
1) when 当…时候,用于引导时间状语从句,表示主从句的动作同时发生。
例如:We have lessons when it is September. 九月份的时候我们开学。
2) in a hurry 匆忙地,做状语。常用于句尾。
“hurry”V. 匆忙。 例如:Hurry up 快点。
He hurried to come into the room. = He came into the room in a hurry.他快速进入房间。
4. They leave things on planes, on trains, on buses and in taxis. 他们把东西落在飞机上,火车上,公交车上和出租车上。
1) leave 当“离开”讲,leave A for B 离开 A 地动身前往 B 地。
2) leave 当“落下”讲。例如:I left my homework at home. 我把作业落在家 了。
3) on planes “乘飞机”还有其他的说法。“by plane=take a plane=on a plane”
5. That’s why there are lost and found office at airports and stations. 那就是为何在飞机场和车站设有失物招领处的原因。
1)That’s why…是固定句型,后面引导表语从句
例如:that’s why he is late for class. 那就是他为何迟到的原因。
2) at airports 在飞机场。 airport 是小地点,常用介词“at”
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知识点四:语法点
(一)特殊疑问词引导的特殊疑问句
1. whose 谁的
例如:----Whose bag is this?
----This is Lily’s bag.
----Whose is this bag?
----This bag is Lily’s.
2. who 谁(对主格和宾格提问)
例如: Who runs fastest? 谁跑得最快?
Who do you want to meet ? 你想遇到谁?
3.when and where 对时间和地点提问,“何时何地”
例如:When and where shall we meet? 我们何时何地见面?
4.how long 时间多久
例如:How long will you stay in Beijing? 你将在北京待多久?
5.how far 距离多远
例如:How far is it from here? 距离这多远?
注意:----How far is it from here?
----It is a 5 minutes’s walk from here.
6. how soon 多久之后,用于将来时,常有 in+ 时间段 作为时间状语
例如:----How soon will you be back?
----I will be back in 3 days
7. how often 表示动作的频率
例如:----How often do you take the medicine.
----I take the medicine 3 times a day.
(二)名词性物主代词
物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。
形容词性物主代词放在名词前作定语,相当于形容词;名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,相当于名词,可以作主语、表语或宾语。
物主代词形容词性 | 数 人称 | 单数 | 复数 |
第一人称 | my 我的 | our 我们的 | |
第二人称 | your 你的 | your 你们的 | |
第三人称 | his 他的,her 她的,its 它的 | their 他们的 | |
物主代词名词性 | 数 人称 | 单数 | 复数 |
第一人称 | mine 我的 | ours 我们的 | |
第二人称 | yours 你的 | yours 你们的 | |
第三人称 | his 他的,hers 她的,its 它的 | theirs 他们的 |
物主代词的用法
(1)形容词性物主代词放在名词前作定语。例如:
His pencil box is on the desk.
This is our school.
(2)名词性物主代词用作名词,本身就相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,因此,后面不可再加名词。
作主语:Richard’s school bag is blue and mine is black. 里查德的书包是蓝色的,我的书包是黑色的。(mine=my school bag)
作表语:It’s his. 这是他的(东西)。
作宾语:He borrows your dictionary and you may borrow mine. 他借你的字典,你可以借我的。(作及物动词的宾语)
“of+名词性物主代词”可以放在名词后作定语,表示强调:
He is a friend of mine. 他是我的一个朋友。
注意:
试比较下面两个句子:
This is a photo of mine. 这是我的一张照片。(照片是我拥有的,但不一定照的是我本人)
This is a photo of me. 这是一张我本人的照片。(照片上是我本人)
Module2 What Can You Do?
知识点一:重点短语
1. table tennis 乒乓球
2. play the piano 弹钢琴
3. play table tennis 打乒乓球
4. ride a bike 骑自行车
5. speak Chinese 说汉语
6. would like to do sth. 想要做某事
7. worry about 担心
8. play football 踢足球
9. the Music Club 音乐俱乐部
10. get on well with sb. 与某人相处融洽
11. in the school team 在校队
12. work very hard 学习非常努力
13. be sure 确信的
14. be ready to do sth. 准备做某事
15. make our classroom beautiful 使我们的教室漂亮
16. be good at sth. 擅长做某事
17. fly a kite 放风筝
18. swim well 游泳游的好
19.make a poster 制作海报
知识点二:重点句型
1. The new clubs for this term are on the board. 本学期新的俱乐部已经在布告板上.。
2. I’d like to join the Music Club. 我想加入音乐俱乐部。
3. Can you cook, Daming? 大明,你会做饭吗?
4. I can cook eggs, but that’s all. 我会炒鸡蛋,但是仅此而已。
5. Which club can she join? 她能加入哪个俱乐部?
6. I think she’d like to join the Dancing Club because she can dance really well. 我认为他愿意加入舞蹈俱乐部因为她跳舞跳的真的很好。
7. How about you? 你呢?
8. I can’t speak Chinese very well. 我说汉语说得不好。
9. Don’t worry about Chinese. 不要担心汉语。
10. We can teach you Chinese! 我能教你汉语!
11. It’s the start of the new term and we’re choosing our new monitors. 现在是新学期的开端,我们正在选新的班干部。
12. I’d like to be the class monitor. 我想成为班长。
13. I get on well with everyone, classmates and teachers. 我与每个人,老师和同学们相处的好。
14. I’m kind and I’m always ready to help others. 我很友好并且我总是乐于帮助别人。
15. Choose me as your class monitor and I promise to help you! 选我做班长,我保证帮助你们!
16. I want to be the PE monitor. 我想成为体育委员。
17. I can run really fast. I’m really fit and healthy. 我能跑得很快。我真得很健康。
18. I usually get the best score in every match. 每次比赛我通常都得最高分。
19. Choose me for the PE monitor and you can get the best score too! 选我做体育委员,你们也能得最高分。
20. I often help my mother do cleaning at home. 我经常在家帮我妈妈打扫卫生。
21. I’m sure everybody would like a clean classroom, just like home. 我确信每个人都想要一个像家一样干净的教室。
22. Choose me and we can make our classroom beautiful. 选我吧,我们能使我们的教室变得漂亮。
知识点三:重点单词/短语解释
1. would like to do sth. 想要做某事
eg:I would like to go there with you.
我想跟你一起去那里。
would like常缩写为'd like,would没有人称和数的变化。
eg:Mike would like some bananas. 迈克想要一些香蕉。
We' d like to watch TV. 我们想看电视。
I' d like Lingling to go with me. 我想让玲玲跟我去。
2. join v. 参加,加入到……之中
eg:Would you like to join the Football Club, Kate? 凯特,你想加入足球俱乐部吗?
3. play the piano 弹钢琴
当play后面跟西洋乐器名词时,表示乐器的名词前要加the;当play后面跟球类或棋类名词时,其前不加任何冠词。
eg:She is good at playing the piano. 她擅长弹钢琴。
Jack' s hobby is to play chess. 杰克的爱好是下国际象棋。
play the guitar 弹吉他
play the violin 拉小提琴
play the piano 弹钢琴
play basketball 打篮球
play football 打足球
play tennis 打网球
4. worry about 担心,担忧
eg:Don’t worry about it. 不要担心它。
about为介词,其后跟名词或代词。该短语常常见于祈使句中,用于安慰别人。
eg:Don’t worry about my health,and I feel better now. 别担心我的健康,我现在感觉好些了。
5. teach v. 教;讲授
eg:Mr Wang teaches English at No.1 Middle School. 王老师在第一中学教英语。
teach的常用结构:
teach sb. sth. 教某人某事
teach sb. to do sth. 教某人做某事
teach oneself=learn...by oneself 自学
eg:My mother teaches me Chinese. 我妈妈教我汉语。
My sister teaches herself to swim. 我姐姐自学游泳。
6. get on well with... 与……相处融洽
eg:He gets on well with his sister. 他跟他的妹妹相处得很好。
get on with sb. 与某人相处,相当于get along with sb.
eg:I’m getting along/on well with my friends. How about you?我跟朋友们处得很好。你呢?
表示“与……相处得好/不好”要用get on/along well/badly with sb.这里的well/badly是副词。如果问相处得怎样,则用how提问。
eg:How do you get on/along with your classmates?你和你的同班同学相处得怎么样?
7. be ready to do sth. 乐于做某事;准备好做某事
eg: He is ready to play football. 他准备好去踢足球。
辨析 get ready for与be ready for
8. promise sb. sth.=promise sth. to sb. 承诺/保证某人某事
promise (sb.) to do sth. 承诺/保证(某人)做某事;
promise sb. + that从句,承诺/答应……
eg:She promised her son to write to him.
= She promised her son that she would write to him. 她答应儿子将给他写信。
9. be good at后接名词或动名词作宾语。be good at相当于do well in, 其反义词组为be weak in不擅长……
eg:He is good at English. = He does well in English. 他擅长英语。
I am weak in Chinese. 我不擅长汉语。
10. I often help my mother do cleaning at home. 我经常帮我妈妈在家打扫卫生。
在英语中,常常在do后面加上动词的-ing形式,表示“做某事”,例如:
do some cleaning 打扫卫生
do some shopping 买东西
do some reading 看书
do some washing 洗衣服
知识点四:语法归纳:情态动词can
如果你想表达自己能做某事,该怎么说呢?你可以说:
I can speak English. 我会说英语。
I can dance. 我会跳舞。
I can play table tennis. 我会打乒乓球。
在表达“某人能做某事”时,一般可以用“can+动词原形”的结构。如果表达“某人不能做某事”,可以在can后加not,成为cannot=can’t。
can是情态动词,没有人称和数的变化,否定形式都用cannot(can’t)。
Daming can ride a bike. He can’t drive a car. 大明会骑自行车,不会开车。
They can swim. They can’t dance. 他们会游泳,不会跳舞。
She can play football. She can’t play basketball. 她会踢足球,不会打篮球。
如果要询问某人能不能做某事,则须将can提至句首,例如:
----Can you speak Chinese? 你会说汉语吗?
----Yes, I can./No, I can’t. 是的,我会。/不,我不会。
----Can she swim? 她会游泳吗?
----Yes, she can./No, she can’t. 是的,她会。/不,她不会。
Module3 Making plans
知识点一:重点短语
1. have a picnic 去野餐
2. check one’s email 查收某人的邮件
3. go over 复习
4. on Sunday morning 在周日上午
5. see/watch a movie 看电影
6. in the park 在公园里
7. have a piano lesson 上一节钢琴课
8. make friends 交朋友
9. enjoy myself 过得愉快
10. go out with sb. 和某人外出
11. take a walk=go for a walk 散步
12. summer holiday 暑假
13. go on a summer camp 参加夏令营
14. do some sightseeing 观光
15. look forward to sth 期待某物
16. on the beach 在海滩上
17. collect litter 收拾垃圾
知识点二:重点句型
1. What are you going to do at the weekend?=What are your plans for the weekend? 你周末打算做什么?/你周末的计划是什么?
2. On Saturday morning, I’m going to check my email and do my homework. 在周六上午,我打算查看我的电子邮件并做作业。
3. Then I’m going to help with the housework. 然后我将帮忙做家务。
4. Who else is going to be there? 还有谁去那里?
5. She can’t come with us. 她不能和我们一块(去)。
6. Would you like to join us? 你愿意加入我们吗?
7. Are we going to meet here? 我们在这儿见面吗?
8. We are going to meet in the park at one o’clock. 我们一点钟在公园见面。
9. I’m going to stay at home alone. 我打算一个人在家呆着。
10. Don’t be silly! 别傻了!
11. It’s going to be a fantastic weekend! 那将会是一个极好的周末!
12. I’m looking forward to the football match tomorrow. 我正期待着明天的足球比赛。
13. We’re going to meet other fans, and make some new friends. 我们将会遇到其他的球迷,并结交一些新朋友。
14. We’re all going to wear the team shirt. 我们将会穿上我们队的队服。
15. We’re going to cheer the players. 我们将会为球队加油。
16. On the morning of 1st May, I’m going to get up late and then read a book. 五月一日早晨我会晚点起床,然后看书。
17. In the afternoon I’m going out with my family and friends. 下午我打算和家人、朋友一起外出。
18. It’s going to be a great holiday---busy but good fun! 这将会是一个很棒的假期,忙碌而有趣!
19. Usually I spend the summer holiday at home, but this year is going to be very different because I’m going on a summer camp in Sydney, Australia. 通常我都是在家过暑假,但是今年将完全不同,因为我将要参加一个在澳大利亚悉尼举办的夏令营。
20. We’re also going sightseeing and going to have a picnic on the beach. 我们还要好好地游览一番,并且在海滩上用餐。
知识点三:重点单词/短语用法
1. on Saturday morning 在周六上午
eg:I have a meeting on Saturday morning.
在周六上午我有个会议。
辨析on, in, at在表示时间时的区别:
2. else adj. 别的,其他的 adv. 另外,其他
else作形容词时一般用在不定代词(something, anything, nobody, somebody等)或疑问代词(who, what等)之后;作副词时一般用在不定副词(somewhere,anywhere等)或疑问副词(where,how等)之后。
eg:I’m going to take you somewhere else. 我将要带你去别处。
What else did he say?他还说了些什么?
Where else did you go in the summer vacation?暑假你还去了哪儿?
3. plan n. 计划,打算
eg:I have a plan for the summer. 这个夏天我有一个计划。
plan 为可数名词。常用于短语 have/make plans(for ... ) (为……)制订计划
eg:They made a plan for the use of their time. 他们制订了一个利用时间的计划。
plan还可作动词,“计划,打算”,其后可接名词或动词不定式作宾语。
plan to do sth. 计划/打算做某事。
eg:They plan to get there after three.他们计划3点后到那里。
4. nothing pron. 没有什么;没有东西
eg:There is nothing in the box. 箱子里面什么都没有。
nothing是复合不定代词,作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
eg:Nothing is easy for him. 对他来说,没有什么是容易的。
被形容词修饰时,形容词常放在其后,作后置定语。
eg:There is nothing wrong with the machine. 这机器没出什么毛病。
5. alone adv. 独自地;单独地
eg: If you don’t want to go alone, I’ll go with you. 如果你不想一个人去,我将和你一起去。
alone用作副词,但也可作形容词,意为“独自的”。alone只表示“单独”的客观状态,没有感情色彩。
eg:He is alone in the room. 他独自呆在房间里。
6. look forward to 盼望,期待
Mary is looking forward to visiting her grandmother. 玛丽正期待着看望她的奶奶。
Your mother is looking forward to your letter. 你妈妈正期待着你的来信。
7. make friends 交朋友
eg: I don’t see why we shouldn’t make friends. 我不明白为什么我们不应该交朋友。
8. hope/həʊp/ v. 希望
eg: I hope you are better. 我希望你好些了。
hope to do sth. 意为“希望做某事”,而wish可用于固定结构wish sb. to do sth. 中,表示“希望某人做某事”。
eg:My brother hopes to go to school by bike.我的弟弟希望骑自行车上学。
What do you wish me to do?你想要我做什么?
9. win v.(won, won)赢;获胜
eg: I won the match. 我赢了这场比赛。
10. enjoy oneself 过得愉快
eg: Tom enjoys himself at school every day . 汤姆每天都在学校过得很愉快。
enjoy oneself,它的同义短语:have a good time玩得开心,have fun玩得高兴。
eg:He enjoys himself in China .
= He has a good time in China .
= He has fun in China.
他在中国玩得很开心。
11. It’s time for... 到……的时候了。
eg:It’s time for class. 到上课的时间了。
两者相互转换eg:It’s time to have breakfast . = It’s time for breakfast. 到了吃早饭的时间了。
知识点四:语法归纳
一般将来时:be going to
用法:be going to表示将要发生的事或打算、计划要做某事。它是一般将来时的一种表达形式,其后常有表示将来的时间状语,如tomorrow,next week 等。构成:be going to+动词原形。在be going to结构中,be随主语人称和数的变化而变化,而going to固定不变,“to”是不定式符号,跟在它后面的动词必须是动词原形。
(1)表示说话人的意图。指打算、准备做的事情。
eg:She is going to write to him. 她将要给他写信。
(2)表示说话人的推测。指即将发生或肯定要发生的事情。常用于be sure, be afraid, believe, think后。
eg:I think it is going to snow. 我认为天就要下雪了。
句型结构:
Module4 Life in the future
知识点一:重点短语
1. in the future 在将来
2. in twenty years’time在二十年后
3.use sth to do sth 使用...做某事
4.on the Internet 在网上
5.by Internet 通过网络
6.answer one’s question 回答某人的问题
7.need to do sth 需要做某事
8.come true 实现
9.not only... but (also)... 不仅...而且...
10.in the air 在空中
11.long holidays 长假
12.traffic jam 交通堵塞
13. have to 不得不
14.on farms 在农场里
15.play with…和…一起玩
16.new ways to travel 旅行的新方式
知识点二:重点句型
1. Will schools be different in the future? 未来的学校会不一样吗? 2. In twenty years time, maybe there won’t be any schools! 也许二十年后就没有学校了!
3. Everyone will study at home. 每个人都会在家学习。
4. Students will use computers and get information on the Internet. 学生们将会使用电脑,并且从网上获取信息。
5. They can ask their teachers by Internet, telephone or email. 他们可以通过上网、打电话或发邮件问老师问题。
6. And teachers can check the students’ level and will help them. 而且老师也可以检查学生们的学习水平,并帮助他们。
7. Computers won’t do that. 电脑可做不了。
8. Teachers won’t use on a blackboard and students won’t use pens and paper, or erasers any more. 老师们将不会再用粉笔在黑板上写字,学生们也不会再用钢笔、纸张或橡皮了。
9. Will students have a lot of homework to do? 那学生们还会有很多作业要做吗?
10. They’ll have a lot of free time! 他们会有很多空闲时间!
11 .That’ll be great! 那太棒了。
12. What will life be like in the future? 未来的生活会怎样?
13. How will things change? 将会发生怎样的变化?
14. Here are some ideas. Which ones will come true? 这里有一些想法。其中哪些会成现实呢?
15. In the future, a change of weather won’t mean a change of clothes. 未来,天气的变化不一定意味着更换衣服。
16. They’ll be warm when we’re cold, and cool when we’re hot. 当我们觉得冷的时候他就会变暖和,当我们感觉热的时候他就会变凉爽。
17. There’ll be no more light rain and cold wind in spring. 在春天,不再有小雨和寒风。
18. The sea level will rise as well. 海平面也会升高。
19. We won’t travel by bus or bike any more. 我们将不会再乘公共汽车或骑自行车去旅行。
20. It’ll be cheap to travel everywhere by plane, not only over land, but also over the sea or even into space. 坐飞机旅行将会变得非常便宜,不仅可以在陆地上空飞行,而且还可以飞到海上甚至进入太空。
21. Maybe there’ll be traffic jams in the air. 也许空中会出现交通堵塞呢。
22. Working hours will be short so people will have long holidays. 工作时间将会很短,因此人们将会拥有很长的假期。
知识点三:重点单词/短语用法
1. in twenty years’time 20年后
twenty years’time也可以说成twenty years。
“in+一段时间”表示“一段时间之后”,常用在一般将来时中,用how soon来提问。
eg:I will finish the poster for the party in two days. 两天后我将完成聚会用的海报。
----How soon will he come back from Beijing? 他什么时候将从北京回来?
----In two weeks. 两周之后。
in 和after表示时间的区别:
2. maybe adv. 也许
eg:Maybe there is something wrong with the machine. 也许是机器出了故障。
辨析maybe与may be:
She may be right, and maybe she knows how to solve the problem.
她可能是对的,或许她知道如何解决这个问题。
3. ask v. 询问;问
可以接双宾语, 即ask sb . sth . 询问某人某事。
ask for sth . 请求,恳求(给予)某物。
eg:He asked me a question, but I didn’t answer. 他问了我一个问题,但我没有回答。
Many students ask for advice about learning English. 许多学生寻求关于学习英语的建议。
后接不定式结构,ask sb. to do sth. 表示“要求某人做某事”;ask sb. not to do sth. 表示“要求某人不要做某事”。
eg:She asked me to post some letters for her. 她叫我为她寄几封信。
The teacher asks me not to be late for school again. 老师叫我上学不要再迟到了。
4. by prep. 用;靠;乘(交通工具)
eg:I want to go to Shanghai by plane. 我想乘飞机去上海。
by后接名词或动名词,其用法总结如下:
5. able adj. 能够……的
eg: He is an able manager. 他是位有才能的经理。
表示“有能力的”、“能干的”,可用作表语或定语。“be able to do sth. ”表示“能够做某事”。其否定形式为“be unable to do sth. ”不能够做某事。
eg:My mother is able to do it well.我妈妈能把这件事做好。
辨析be able to与can:
6. not ... any more 不再……
eg:He doesn’t cry any more. 他不再哭了。
辨析not ... any more与not ... any longer:
7. free adj. (时间)空闲的;空余的
eg:Are you free tonight? 今晚你有空吗?
free作“空闲的”讲时,其反义词为busy“忙碌的”。free time业余时间,同义短语为spare time。
eg:I’m free now. =I have time now. 现在我闲着。
8. like prep. 像
eg:It looks like a cat. 它看上去像一只猫。
like的常用句式为What be +sb. /sth. like?How be sb. /sth. 两者可相互转换。
eg:What’s the weather like in Hefei now?
=How is the weather in Hefei now? 现在合肥的天气怎么样?
like作介词时,不能单独作谓语,常与be,look等连用。其区别如下:
区别一下几组like的句子:
What will life be like in the future? 未来生活是什么样的?
What does he like? 他喜欢什么? He likes swimming.
What does he look like? 他长什么样?He is tall.
What is he like? 他性格怎样? He is very shy.
9. a new kind of 一种新的……
eg: This is a new kind of style . 这是一种新的款式。
与kind的相关短语:
10. rise vi. 升起,上升
eg:Smoke rises from the chimney. 烟从烟囱中升起。
rise为不及物动词,表示主语自身移向较高的位置,如太阳的升起,河水水位上涨等。
eg: The river is rising. 河水正在上涨。
raise也有提起,抬起,使升高之义,但是表示人为的升高,如升旗、举手等,后面跟宾语。
eg:Please raise your hand when you know the answer. 你知道答案就请举手。
11. as well 也,还,又
eg: He likes English as well. 他也喜欢英语。
as well用于肯定句句尾,其前不加逗号,在口语中常见。
eg:They have four classes as well. 他们也有四节课。
12. It+be+adj .+to do sth. 做某事是……的。
在这个句型中,It为形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式(短语)。
eg:It’s hard to see at the back.在后面很难看见。
辨析It’s+adj. +for sb. to do sth. 与It’s adj. +of sb. to do sth. :
13. not only …but also… 不但……而且……
not only …but also…侧重于强调后者,它可以连接两个并列的成分,甚至连接两个句子。当连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词的单复数采取“就近原则”。其中also可以省略。
eg:Lucy not only plays well, but also writes music. 露西不但演奏得好,而且还作曲。
Not only you but also she needs this chance. 不但你而且她也需要这次机会。
14. have to 必须;不得不
eg:He has to finish the work. 他必须完成这项工作。
辨析 have to与must:
15. send sth.to sb. 发送某物给某人
send sth. to sb. 相当于send sb. sth. 其中send作动词时,还可意为“派遣,打发”。
eg:I’ll send some photos to Mary. = I’ll send Mary some photos. 我将要寄给玛丽一些照片。
与send有关的词组:
知识点四:语法归纳
一般将来时:will +动词原形
“will +动词原形”是一般将来时最常见的形式,它表示单纯的将来,不表示计划、打算,可以用于各种人称。
注意:
be going to 侧重经过事先考虑过的意图、计划、打算等,或指有迹象表明某事即将发生或肯定发生。
will构成的一般将来时的句型结构:
一般将来时常用的时间状语:tomorrow明天,the day after tomorrow后天,soon不久,next week/Monday/.../Sunday/month/year 下周/周一/……/周日/个月/一年, in two days/weeks/...两天/周/……后
Module5 Shopping
知识点一:重点短语
1. on Mother's Day 在母亲节
2. what colour 什么颜色
3. what about... …怎么样
4. try on 试穿
5. look at 看……
6. too much 太多
7. wait a minute 等一等
8. half price 半价
9. pay for 支付
10. on the Internet 在因特网上
11. a few days later 几天之后
12. the price of... 的价格
13. one day 某一天
14. at any time 在任何时候
知识点一:重点句型
1. What can I do for you? 我能帮你做些什么?
2. I'd like to buy a T-shirt for my mum. 想为我妈妈买件T恤衫。
3. Can I help you? 我能帮你吗?
4. There's a sale on today. Everything is half price. 今天有打折活动,所有东西都是五折。
5. What colour does she like? 她喜欢什么颜色?
6. What size does she take? 她穿多大码?
7. ---May I try it on? ---Certainly. ---我能试穿一下吗?---当然可以。
8. I'll take it. 我买它了!
9. I'd like some sausages. 我想买些香肠。
10. How much are they? 多少钱?
11. What else would you like? 你还想要些什么?
12. Here's fifty-nine yuan. 这是59元。
13. There are many new ways of shopping, and online shopping is one of them. 现在有很多种新型的购物方式,而网上购物就是其中一种。
14. Then you receive it a few days later by post. 几天后你就会通过邮寄的方式收到它(你买的物品)。
15. Online shopping has several advantages. First, ...Second, …Third, … 网上购物有几个优点。首先,......其次,...... 再次,......
16. Shopping usually takes a lot of time. 去实体店购物通常需要花很多时间。
17. But to shop on the Internet you only need a computer and a mouse! 但是在网上购物,你只需要一台电脑和一个鼠标。
18. But many people like going out and shopping with friends. 但是许多人喜欢和朋友一起外出逛街购物。
19. Also paying over the Internet isn't always safe. 而且网上付款也并不总是安全的。
20. Online shopping is changing our way of life. 网上购物正在改变我们的生活方式。
21. One day no one will go to the shops any more, because you'll be able to buy anything on the Internet, and you will be able to receive it anywhere in the world at any time! 有一天将没有人再去商店购物,因为你能在网上买到任何东西,并且在全世界的各个地方和任何时间你都可以收到商品。
知识点三:重点单词/短语解释
1. What can I do for you?需要帮忙吗?
此句多用于售货员或服务员对顾客的招呼语。还可以表达为:Can/May I help you?意为“我可以为您效劳吗?”。回答时可用: “I'd like to buy.../I want to buy.../I'm looking for...”。
eg:—What can I do for you, sir? 先生,需要帮忙吗?
—I want to buy a shirt. 我想买一件衬衫。
2. try v. 尝试
常和介词on搭配使用,构成短语try on,表示“试穿”。试穿的对象是名词时,名词放在try on后面和之间均可;try on的宾语是代词时,代词要放在try on之间。
eg:He is trying on the shoes. 他正在试穿鞋子。
Please try them on. 请试穿一下它们。
辨析 try to do与try doing
3. price n.价格,价钱
eg:She sold the house at a high price. 她以高价卖了那所房子。
询问价格用What's the price of...?,可以和How much is/are...?换用。
eg:What's the price of the house?= How much is the house? 那所房子多少钱?
注意:表示价格高低用high或low,不能用expensive和cheap。
eg:The price of the computer is very high. 这台电脑的价格很高。
The new car is very expensive.这辆新轿车很昂贵。
拓展:
at the price of... 以……的价格
at a very good price 以一个很好的价钱
eg:I bought it at the price of 50 yuan. 我以50元的价格买到它。
You can buy this book at a very good price. 你能以很好的价钱买到这本书。
4. sale n. 降价出售;销售;拍卖
与sale有关词组:
5. How much are they? 它们多少钱?
在询问价格时,若句子的主语是单数可数名词或不可数名词,用“How much is...?”;若句子的主语是可数名词复数形式,用“How much are...?”;回答时,前者用“It's +价格.”,后者用“They're +价格.”或直接用具体价格来回答。
eg:—How much is the dictionary? 这本字典多少钱?
—(It's) 88 yuan. (它是)88元。
辨析how much与how many
6. pay v. 支付;付钱
辨析pay与take
eg:This food is free. You don't have to pay for it. 这个食物是免费的。你没有必要付款。
It takes me two hours to finish the work every day. 每天我花两个小时完成这项工作。
7. receive v. 收到;接到
eg:She often receives many presents on her birthday. 在她的生日,她经常收到许多礼物。
receive a letter from=get a letter from=hear from:收到……的来信
eg:He never receives a letter from his first friend. 他从未收到第一个朋友的来信。
8. a few 一些
辨析 a few,few,a little与little
9. compare v. 比较
eg:He had compared the two chairs before he decided which one to buy. 他比较了那两把椅子后,才决定买哪一把。
compare 为及物动词,其用法如下:
compare A with/to B 比较A与B
compare A to B 把 A比作B
10. one pron. (同一群人或物中的)一个
eg:I don't like this pen. I like that one. 我不喜欢这支钢笔,我喜欢那支。
one 通常用来代替上文中出现过的事物名称,指代可数名词单数;如果指代名词复数,用ones。但it 表示特指,指代前面提到过的“同一个事物”。
11. order v. 订购
eg:I want to order a new coat for my grandfather. 我想为我的祖父订购一件新大衣。
order作动词,还可译为“命令”,常用于order sb.to do sth.结构中,意为“命令某人做事”。
eg: The boss often orders him to finish the work by nine o'clock.老板经常命令他9点之前完成工作。
order作名词,意为“命令;次序;订购”。
eg:Please write a list of the children's names in order of age.
请按年龄顺序列一张孩子们姓名的清单。
知识点四:语法归纳:特殊疑问句
特殊疑问句用于对不明确的人或事物提问,其句首要用疑问代词或疑问副词。回答时要根据实际情况作答,不能用Yes/No来回答。句末多用降调。
1. 特殊疑问句有两种语序
若疑问词作主语或主语的定语,即对主语或主语的定语提问,其语序是陈述语序:
疑问词(+主语)+谓语动词+其他部分?
eg:Who is singing in the room? 谁在房间里唱歌?
若疑问词作其他成分,即对其他成分提问,其语序是:疑问词+一般疑问句?
eg:—What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的?
—He's an engineer in a big factory. 他是一个大工厂的工程师。
How do you know?你怎么知道的?
2. 特殊疑问词的用法
常见的疑问代词
常见的疑问副词
常见的疑问词组
Module6 Around Town
知识点一:重点短语
1. get to 到达
2. on the left 在左边
3. in front of 在…的前面
4. near here 在这附近
5. the way to 去…的路
6. over there 在那里
7. turn left 向左转
8. take the underground 乘地铁
9. get off 下车
10. begin with 以…开始
11. the middle of ……的中间
12. from home to school 从家到学校
13. on the map 在地图上
14. on a clear day 在晴朗的一天
15. next to 紧挨着
16. post office 邮局
17. at the cinema 在电影院
18. at the end of the street 在路的尽头
19. bus stop 公共汽车站
知识点二:重点句型
1. Betty and Lingling are standing in front of Tian'anmen Square. 贝蒂和玲玲站在天安门前。
2. Can you tell me the way to Wangfujing Dajie? 你们可以告诉我去王府井大街的路怎么走吗?
3. Could you tell me how to get to the National Stadium? 你能告诉我去国家体育馆怎么走吗?
4. Go across Dong Chang’an Jie, go along the street and turn left at the third street on the left. 穿过东长安街,然后沿着马路一直走,在左边的第三条马路向左拐,就到了。
5. Is there a bookshop near here? 这附近有书店吗?
6. How can I get there? 怎么才能到达呢?
7. Why not ask the policeman over there? 为什么不问问那边的警察呢?
8. Take the Underground to the Olympic Sports Centre, or you can take a bus or a taxi. 坐地铁到奥体中心,你也可以坐公共汽车或打车去。
9. Have a nice day! 祝你玩的愉快!
10. Welcome to this short tour of London. 欢迎参加伦敦短程游。 11. We’re standing opposite the National Gallery, a famous museum with lots of famous paintings. 我们现在站在国家美术馆——一个藏有许多名画的博物馆——的对面。
12. The Queen lives there. (英国)女王就住在这里。
13. It takes you 135 metres above the River Thames. 它能带你到离泰晤士河对面135米高的地方。
14. You can see most of London on a clear day. 在晴朗的日子里,你几乎能看到伦敦市的全貌。
15. When you are tired, the best way to see London is by boat. 当你走累了,最好的地方便是乘船游览伦敦。
16. As you go along the river, the London Eye is on your right. 沿着河行进时,伦敦眼就在你的右面。
17. It’s over 900 years old. 它已有九百多年的历史。
18. After visiting the Tower of London, take the boat back along the river to the railway station. 参观完伦敦塔之后,乘船沿河回到火车站。
19.You’re now back at the square. And this is where we’ll finish our tour. 你现在回到了(特勒法尔加)广场,在这里我们将结束我们的伦敦游。
知识点三:重点单词/短语解释
1. go across 穿过
eg:Be careful when you go across the road. 当你横过马路时要小心。
2. opposite prep. 在……的对面
eg:I live opposite the bank.我住在银行对面。
3. take v. 搭乘;乘坐
eg:You can take a taxi to the zoo. 你可以乘坐出租车去动物园。
eg:You can take a taxi to the museum.=You can go to the museum by taxi. 你可以坐出租车去博物馆。
4. famous adj. 著名的
eg:Liu Huan is a famous singer. 刘欢是一位著名的歌手。
5. above prep. 在……之上
eg:There is a picture above the bookshelf. 在书架上方有一幅画。
辨析above, over与on
6. the best way to do sth. 做某事的最好方法
eg:This is the best way to learn English. 这是学英语的最好方法。
eg: The farmers thought of the best way to protect their crops.农民们想出了保护庄稼的最好办法。
7. next to 在……近旁
eg:There is a river next to my home. 在我家近旁有一条河。
辨析 next to与near
8. finish v. 结束,完成
eg:The teaching day finishes at around 4 pm. 一天的教学在下午4点左右结束。
eg:I finished reading the book yesterday. 昨天我把那本书看完了。
知识点四:语法归纳:介词
介词又称为前置词,它不能单独作句子的成分,必须与名词、代词或相当于名词的其他结构构成介词短语才能充当句子成分。表示位置关系的介词叫方位介词。